What health issue is a potential concern for patients treated with corticosteroids?

Corticosteroids are commonly used in various medical treatments due to their anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. However, one of the significant concerns when using corticosteroids is their potential to increase susceptibility to infections. This occurs because corticosteroids can suppress the immune system by inhibiting the function of neutrophils, macrophages, and lymphocytes, which are essential components of the immune response. As a result, patients on corticosteroids may find it harder to fend off infections, making them more vulnerable to bacterial, viral, and fungal infections.

While the other health issues mentioned, such as hypoglycemia management, severe muscle cramps, and high blood pressure, can have relevance in specific contexts, they are not primary concerns associated with corticosteroid therapy. For example, corticosteroids might actually lead to hyperglycemia rather than hypoglycemia, and while they can potentially contribute to hypertension as a side effect, the enhancement of infection risk stands as a more direct and prevalent concern during treatment.